Types of visual improvements - advantages and disadvantages

So far, the problem of impairment of vision (the fast development of different eye diseases) has been very acute in people of different age categories. Everything is responsible for a negligent attitude to health and excessive stress on the visual organ. Computers, tablets, telephones, television and e -books - All of these things can not only simplify life, but also vice versa.

Fortunately, science does not stand still and those diseases that have previously been succumbed to treatment can now be eliminated almost without consequences and complications.

Laser vision correction

Laser Vision Correction is an opportunity not only to give up glasses and contact lenses, but also the only effective and safe way to keep vision in old age.

The advantages of this procedure:

• Security. The relatively low probability of developing serious complications.
• Efficiency for violations. The operation is not only carried out to improve the view and get rid of the look. In some cases, laser correction cannot be submitted (this applies to diseases that lead to blindness).
• Painlessness. Before the start of the procedure, the patient is buried in anesthesia drugs of the organ, so that the maximum that the patient can consider at certain stages of surgical interventions.
• Continuity. The process itself takes a minute, the main time is prepared to prepare for it.
• Short relaxation period. In this case there is no design in a hospital. The procedure is carried out on an outpatient basis and then the patient can go home.
• Stability and predictability. How effective the operation will be is almost always known to the doctor. The result remains for a long time (the exception can be the presence of progressive myopia in the patient).

The choice of a specialist and the event location of the operation always remains behind the patient. The price of the procedure and the services of a doctor in private clinics can vary. Your education is influenced by many factors. It is therefore worth determining time to find information and clarify all questions of interest in advance.

Varieties of the operation

There are several correction methods. Each of them has their own advantages and disadvantages. List of the types of laser corrections:

• Laser (subpithelial) keratomilesis;
• Photo breaker keratectomy;
• Femtosecond LKZ.

The photo refraction ceratectomy (Federal Migration Service) was spent for the first time in Germany a few decades ago. Using this procedure, an exposure to the cornea with one with a jump laser. The testimony to conducting is astigmatism, myopia and farsightedness.

A significant disadvantage of the method of photo -response ceratectomy is a long and unpleasant recovery period. Looking does not return immediately after the procedure, but complications are gradually possible. Therefore, they only use it if other more modern and more effective methods are contraindicated.

Laser -Subel -Keratomilese (Lasek). In contrast to the previous method, the corneal layer does not step on the side during operation. The recovery phase takes less than with the Federal Migration Service.

Laser ceratomilesis (Lasik). At the moment this is the safest and most effective method for correction of seeing. The recovery phase is short, the vision improves in the first few hours after the operation.

Femtoseconds -Lec (Femo Lasik) is one of the modifications to the LASIK method that contributes to achieving perfect results. The risks are reduced, vision returns and the rehabilitation phase does not take long. This method also has fewer contraindications than ordinary las correction. The procedure can also be carried out with the "dry eye syndrome" on patients.

There are also other modifications to the main methods. The doctor is choosing the most relevant method in a certain situation.

Indications and contraindications

Laser vision correction has its own indications and contraindications, like any other procedure. Indications are divided into two ways: medically and professional.

A medical indication for laser seek correction is the presence of such violations of an eye (the other fountain):

• Foresight;
• Astigmatism;
• Myopia.

Professional indications (specialties that are inappropriate to wear lentils or glasses):

• Firefighters;
• Police;
• Military;
• People who work in the industrial sector (places where there are a lot of dust, smoke and other disadvantageous factors).

Contraindications are relative and absolute. Absolutely included:

• Autoimmunpathologies;
• Immunodeficiency;
• Diseases that affect the processes and the healing rate after the operation;
• the presence of only one eye in the patient;
• Myopia (progressive);
• Herpesvirus infection;
• Net -grown detachment;
• The thinning of the cornea.

List of relative contraindications:

• Diabetes mellitus;
• Psychoses;
• Pregnancy of breastfeeding;
• Heart problems in the patient (the presence of a pacemaker);
• Ophthalmological diseases of inflammatory nature;
• Scars in the cornea (bowl);
• Changes in Retina and Fundus.

The operation is strictly forbidden to lead people who have not yet been reached at the age of 18. This is due to physiological features (not fully formed from the eyeball).

Preparation for las correction

If the operation is already assigned to restore the view, the ophthalmologist recommends to carry out a number of tests and to follow certain rules. You may also need advice from other specialists: therapist, endocrinologist, cardiologist, etc.

Analyzes that need to be carried out before the procedure:

• general blood test;
• General urine analysis;
• HIV analysis;
• Analysis for syphilis;
• Hepatitis analysis;
• Coagulogram.

The list of recommendations that are very important to be carried out for admission to surgical intervention:

• Stop wearing contact lenses (it is necessary to do this one to two weeks before the operation).
• Refuse alcoholic drinks and drugs that contain alcohol a few days before the procedure;
• Sit in order before the procedure;
• Breakfast on the day of the assigned date should be easy.
• It is impossible to apply make -up to the face and perfumes to the body before the operation.
• It is necessary to buy and take sunglasses with you (they are needed after the procedure and during the recovery phase).
• It is advisable to take a close person for a laser vision of improvement in the vision that will remember that all the doctor's recommendations regarding the postoperative time to come home, and the first time takes care of the patient.

The fulfillment of these conditions is very important because the success of the procedure and the end result depends on it.

How the procedure is carried out

Almost all types of laser corrections are carried out in 3 main phases. When we talk about the most effective, most popular and demanding LASIK process, it follows as follows:

1. The first stage. A laser or a microcarath produces a flap on the surface of the cornea and takes it aside.
2. The second stage. There is a change in the shape of the cornea with a laser beam (it must correspond to the individual parameters of the patient).
3. The third stage. The flap is returned to the starting position and absorbed.

Many heard that the patients seal their eyes during the operation. There are times when the patient wakes up during the procedure and trauma is possible. In this situation, the eyes are not sealed during laser correction, since the anesthesia drops are conveyed before the procedure and the operation itself only takes a few minutes, so that such measures are excessive.

Postoperative period

The postoperative period runs into each other. But after laser correction by Lasik, the patient feels an improvement in the early days and does not feel much complaints.

After a surgical intervention, it is necessary to clarify all kinds of complications again, ask exciting questions and also listen to the main recommendations.

The approximate list of actions in the postoperative period (the duration of this time depends on many factors):

• You can only sleep on your back;
• It is necessary to visit an ophthalmologist in the specified data.
• After the operation, it is necessary to put sunglasses on the street (they protect against dust, infections and small particles in the eyes);
• You cannot touch your hands to the place operated.
• The prescribed medication must only be used in good time and in the specified amount.
• It is better not to wash your head in the first days after the operation.
• You can only wash with cleaned or cooked water.
• For some time you should give up the use of care and decorative cosmetics.
• It is important to moderate the physical exertion for some time (the doctor must report the end of the restrictions of the reception after the examination).
• You cannot visit saunas, pools and other public places where you can catch the infection.
• It is necessary to reduce the charge of the eyes (to read, television, long -term use of telephones and tablets).
• It is strictly forbidden to drive a car in the postoperative period;
• If it hurts or feels strong discomfort, it is necessary to contact a specialist.

There are some nutritional recommendations. Since las correction is still operated on and is therefore a certain stress for the body, you have to eat properly.

As in any other time, food should be useful and contain the required vitamins. In order to improve vision, it is recommended to eat fruit and vegetables that are rich in vitamins A and C.

They are suitable for this:

• Fruits and berries: blueberries, apricots, peaches, kiwi etc. ;
• Vegetables: broccoli, carrots, tomatoes, pumpkin;
• Dairy products (cottage cheese);
• Fish: salmon, mackerel;
• Meat: chicken, rabbits, turkey;
• Outdover (kidneys and liver);
• Eggs (egg yolk).

In the postoperative period, it is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol and it is advisable to give up smoking.If health deteriorates in the first few weeks after the operation and the prescription of additional medicines is required, the doctor should be mentioned via the recently carried out las correction.

The risks and consequences of the operation

Despite the fact that laser correction in principle has no serious danger, there are situations in which complications still occur and they do not lead to very pleasant consequences. The ophthalmologist and the patient who agrees to the operation must be mentioned at the reception, must be ready for possible risks.

A list of possible complications that can occur during operation:

• The horn shell can be clouded;
• The visual acuity can decrease;
• The picture can begin to double;
• Astigmatism develops.

Such problems can occur for various reasons: lack of experience and professionalism in a doctor, incorrectly selected tools or a correction method, technical reasons, etc.

Complications that can occur after operation:

• Swelling, inflammatory process, itching, pain and combustion;
• allergic reaction to drugs;
• lack of improvement or deterioration;
• Blindness (caused by individual intolerance).

A number of problems that may not occur immediately, but some time after the operation:

• the return of ophthalmic diseases (brevity of the therapeutic effect);
• Dry eye syndrome;
• Pathological processes that influence the cornea (keratoconus, erosion, etc. ).

The method of las correction has both advantages and disadvantages. To decide on this procedure or not is the case of everyone. In some cases, it helps to improve the quality of life (enables you to run without glasses and lenses) and sometimes save with complete blindness.

Surgical operations

Despite the high popularity of laser correction, there are situations in which you simply cannot do without other microsurgical operations. They save from the blindness of patients with glaucoma, cataracts and various retina pathologies. And also have a number of advantages and disadvantages.

In order to combat the cataract, processes are carried out to remove the lens and the replacement by a lens. Microsurgery can also deal with retinal diseases. Doctors achieve their complete fit for the fabrics (subject) or remove scars and fabric from the vitreous with signs of pathological changes. Glaucoma is obtained by surgery to restore the liquid compensation in the organ.

Such procedures (surgical interventions) are often used : : :

• Keratoplastics (this process restores the functions and the shape of the cornea);
• Scleroplastics (an operation that helps to accept progressive myopia);
• Implantation of lenses (facid): farsightedness and myopia are adapted;
• Vitrectomy (during this procedure, pathological processes are eliminated in the retina)
• Lensectomy (during operation the lens is removed and replaced by an intraocular lens).

Operative ophthalmic intervention can be crazy or superficial. Laser correction refers to the type of surface and the operation to remove cataracts on the strip.

Surgical intervention saves when laser correction is prohibited or is unable to deal with a severe ophthalmological disease (cataract, glaucoma, etc. ).If the doctor therefore insists in the surgical way of fighting the disease, he must trust him.

The treatment of eye diseases is rarely cheap, and this is not due to the desire of the doctors to earn as much money as possible. This is due to the high material and equipment costs with which the treatment is carried out. The eternal problem is also a decision on the selection of a clinic: private or state. In this case it is difficult to guess. The doctor from the state clinic may have more experience and makes all procedures efficient and confident, and the doctor from a private clinic has more conditions for successful work (modern equipment). Some doctors work both in private and state clinic, so that they do not have to concentrate on the price of services. The presence of positive ratings and recommendations is much more important.